St. Simon Stock (c. 1165–1265) was an English Carmelite friar, renowned for
his deep devotion to the Virgin Mary and his pivotal role in shaping the
Carmelite Order. Born in Kent, England, he earned his nickname "Stock" from
living as a hermit in the hollow of a tree trunk ("stock") during his early years of
contemplation.
In 1247, he joined the Carmelite Order, which had recently migrated to Europe
from Mount Carmel in the Holy Land. At a time when the Order faced
challenges adapting to Western monastic traditions, St. Simon became its sixth
prior general. Under his leadership, the Carmelites transformed from a hermitic
community to a mendicant order, engaging in preaching, education, and service
while maintaining their contemplative roots.
The most defining moment of his life was the Marian apparition he experienced
on July 16, 1251. According to tradition, the Virgin Mary appeared to him,
holding the Brown Scapular, and promised: “Whoever dies wearing this
scapular shall not suffer eternal fire.” This vision is regarded as the origin of the
Brown Scapular devotion, which became a powerful symbol of Mary’s
intercession and protection.
St. Simon Stock's leadership left a lasting legacy, as the Carmelite Order grew
in influence and devotion across Europe. His promotion of the Brown Scapular
devotion brought countless faithful closer to Mary, emphasizing her maternal
care and guidance.
St. Simon Stock died on May 16, 1265, in Bordeaux, France, and his relics
remain venerated in the Carmelite Church there. He is celebrated for his
unwavering faith, transformative leadership, and devotion to Mary. “Mary is the
ladder by which we ascend to heaven.” – St. Simon Stock
